The Effectiveness of Learning Passing Volleyball for Students on Website-Based

The effectiveness of teaching passing the ball in volleyball to students based on the website

Authors:
Sumbara Hambali, Achmad Sofyan Hanif, Widiastuti, Firmansyah Dlis, Samsudin, Akhmad Sobarna

Journal: International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 2022
DOI: 10.13189/saj.2022.100224

Abstract

Volleyball is a popular sport in Indonesia and is widely taught in educational institutions. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, training was transferred to an online format. One of the tools for distance learning is the website.

The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching passing techniques in volleyball using a website.

The method is experimental (One Shot Case Study).
The participants were 120 students from the Faculty of Physical Education, Health and Recreation STKIP Pasundan.
The training was carried out over 8 lessons.
Evaluation - test of passes into the wall (upper and lower) in 60 seconds.

The results showed an increase in the level of mastery of technology. In general, the training was considered quite effective.

Key words: volleyball, transfer, online learning, website, efficiency.

1. Introduction

Basic volleyball techniques include:

transmission
feed
forward kick
block

Also distinguished:

receiving serve
pass (set)
protection (dig)

Skills are divided into:

Attack

feed
transmission
pass
blow

Protection

block
reception

Passing is a key element of the game because:

most often used
launches an attack
used in defense

Gear types:

Lower (forearm pass)
Upper (overhead pass / set)

2. Relevance of online learning

During the pandemic, training was conducted remotely.
Websites have become a platform for:

video lessons
educational materials
tasks
communications

Advantages of e-learning:

accessibility
flexibility
cost reduction
scalability

However, students noted the difficulties of the online format, which required research into its effectiveness.

3. Purpose of the study

To evaluate the effectiveness of teaching the technique of passing the ball through the website to 1st year students.

4. Methodology

Study design

Experimental Method - One Shot Case Study:

X - training via website
O - final testing

Sampling

Population: 260 students
Sample: 120
Method: purposive sampling

Training

8 lessons
Materials are posted on the website
Format:
- video
- instructions
- tasks

Assessment tool

Wall Gear Test (60 sec):

lower gears
top gears

Evaluation criteria

Score	Evaluation	Category
> 40	A	Excellent
38–40	B	Okay
35–37	C	Enough
< 35	D	Bad

Analysis formula

P = (ΣX₁ / ΣXn) × 100%

Where:

P - percentage
ΣX₁ — actual score
ΣXn - perfect score

5. Results

Descriptive statistics

Indicator	Meaning
N	120
Minimum	20
Maximum	44
Average	35.33
Std Dev	4.99

Distribution of results

Category	Qty	%
Excellent	18	15%
Okay	21	18%
Enough	34	28%
Bad	47	39%

Interpretation

A+B: 33%
C+D: 67%

Average score (35.33) → category “Enough”.
Therefore, website-based training is moderately effective.

6. Discussion

Benefits of Web Learning

access to materials 24/7
parental involvement
multimedia content
interactivity

Formats:

text
graphics
video
tests
simulations

Limiting factors

Internal

motivation
health
intelligence

External

Internet access
equipment
learning conditions

Specifics of motor skills

The online format is less suitable for:

motor learning
practice movements
technique corrections

Full-time training provides:

more practice
live feedback

7. Limitations of the study

One university
One technique (transfer)
Assessment of psychomotor skills only

Not analyzed:

cognitive results
affective aspects

8. Conclusions

Web-based transmission training - quite effective
High results among a minority
Improvements needed:
- content
- tasks
- evaluation systems

9. Practical recommendations

Add interactive simulations
Increase the amount of practice
Implement video feedback
Use a hybrid format

How effective website-based volleyball passing training is for students